20 years ago, the modern classification of inflammation against self was developed, wherein an immunological disease continuum was invoked, as autoimmunity alone inadequately explained the spectrum of ...

In this Perspective, we summarize the literature on MAMPs, DAMPs and SAIMs to refine and extend the original danger theory. Special emphasis is placed on evidence from studies of human pathogens, ...

A growing body of research has shown that bacteria are not only present in the gut and respiratory tract, but can also exist inside primary and metastatic tumors. These tumor associated bacteria are ...

Herd immunity occurs when enough people in a group are immune to a specific infection that it cannot spread easily from person to person. Vaccination programs have been successful in creating herd ...