Silicon oxides such as SiO 2 are the most abundant component of the earth’s crust. They can be found in nature in crystalline form and are industrially manufactured in many forms, including colloidal ...

Colloidal lithography is a nanofabrication technique that utilizes colloidal particles as masks for creating ordered nanostructures on substrates. This cost-effective and scalable method has gained ...

Chemical mechanical polishing/planarization (CMP) is a technique extensively used throughout the microelectronics industry to smooth surfaces of a substrate by utilizing a mixture of chemical and ...