Scientists have developed a dual-laser Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry (BOCDR) system that uses two frequency-modulated lasers. By scanning the relative modulation phase between the ...

FREQUENCY-MODULATION, or the technique of varying the frequency of radio waves for signalling purposes, has been known and used for many years ; but it was not until Armstrong in the United States in ...

As an ultra-wideband microwave signal, amplitude shift keying (ASK) can be used in many applications, such as electronic warfare, wireless communications and modern radar systems. Initially, ASK ...

The key parameters of the FSS technique and their impact on EMI performance. How to evaluate FSS performance using simulation, ICs, and a signal generator. Frequency spread spectrum (FSS) is a ...

A look at the simplest FM demodulation technique. It doesn’t give the lowest possible output distortion, it doesn’t reject amplitude distortion effects, but it is simple and can be used at virtually ...

Doing more with less in electronics often means improving power density. One of the new areas garnering attention involves applying a variety of advanced modulation techniques, including PWM and space ...