An agency’s user base will not adopt any technology, no matter how appealing, if it falls short on practicality or ...

Troy Segal is an editor and writer. She has 20+ years of experience covering personal finance, wealth management, and business news. Toby Walters is a financial writer, investor, and lifelong learner.

Payments ecosystems are often categorized as either closed-loop or open-loop systems, each with distinct advantages and limitations. Closed-loop systems, such as single-provider mobile wallets like ...

Manufacturers today face many hurdles in their manufacturing applications. Process parameters can range from one application to the next. While some applications require very little precision and ...

Miroslav Katsarov is the CEO of Modeshift, a technology company bringing intelligent transportation to small- and mid-size transit agencies. Open-loop payments have emerged as a high-profile trend in ...

TfL combines open and closed loop systems, using Oyster Cards, contactless card payments, and NFC Google or Apple pay, alongside physical ticketing. Transport for London (TfL) has long been regarded ...