Intraspecific variation in plants can affect soil organisms. However, little is known about whether the magnitude of the effect depends on the degree of interaction with the roots. We analyzed effects ...

Holobiont biology recognizes animals, plants, fungi and other hosts as dynamic assemblages of interacting and/or interdependent host and microbial cells, just as the host body is recognized as a ...

Kyoto, Japan -- In nature, ecosystems are tightly linked through the flow of organisms, detritus, and nutrients across boundaries arbitrarily imagined by humans. These systems are deeply in tune with ...

Tohoku University scientists in Japan have developed a virus-based approach for measuring variations in gene regulatory elements, called transcription factors, as conditions change in live organisms.